Category Archives: Summary

Controling smart appliance remotely?

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This article gives information about smart appliance and the current made smart appliance. Soon we will be able to smart appliance refrigerator and cooker and washing machines as well as vacuum cleaners. This technology is meant to make everyday lives easier. The smart appliance refer to two communications, the first is  an interaction with a smart device like smartphones or tablets so that homeowners can control the smart appliance remotely, and  the second is the responding of the smart grid to the utility signals so that the consumer will be provided with a reduced energy usage which will reduce the energy bill. Smart Washing machines are able now to check it self using Wi-Fi connection, which will lower the amounts of calls and visits that the manufacture will have to do to. Now consumers have the ability to monitor the status of the was and monitor the cycle and remotely control it. LG made refrigerator that can communicate with your smartphone and diagnose the food that you have and tell you the expiration date for the food items as well as give you the number of items in your refrigerator. This article gives a very important information about how can things communicate together like smartphone communicate with refrigerator. And can give you a very important information on how could the internet  even do various things such as help reducing energy bills, or making life easier. Although these technologies are being already released, but not a lot of people now about it, and in the future this technology will help even people how have health problems to know what food is expired and whats not.

 

This is a brief summary of Smart Appliance that has been written by Grogan, A.

What is Cloud computing?

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Cloud computing gets its name as an image for the internet. And appear as cloud in the network diagram. The cloud icon appears as it means everything or as Velte, Anthony T stated “etc”Cloud computing is a construct that let you use applications that actually located at a place other than where your computer is or other that what internet it is connected. There are a lot of advantages to this. One of them could be installing applications at organization’s computers. You will have to either walk around with the installation equipment such as CD or DVD-ROM and install it or to set up a software distributions servers so it automatically install the application on the computers. And every time Microsoft issue a service pack, you have to go around and install that pack. Or even the cost of license. The good thing about could computing is that they manage it all, the handle the costs of servers as well as updates and installations and this will depend on how you craft your contract. Though there are some advantages and disadvantages, One disadvantage is that if the could not connect to the internet due to issues with the ISP you will not have access to your applications anymore.Or what about if the site that you are accessing have problems, and you are no more able to access your applications.

This book was written by the following authors

Velte, Anthony T.

Velte, Toby J.
Elsenpeter, Robert C.
This summary only include part 1 of this book, it gives a very brief summary of what is cloud computing, and how it works and why using it.
link

The Functioning of IP

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The main function of IP is to give interconnection of sub-networks to create an internet so it can transmit data. This IP protocol can give four main functions Basic data transfer addressing and routing as well as fragmentation of data-grams. The IP layer provide entry into the delivery system that is for transporting data toward the internet. commonly when we hear the term IP we think of networks that connected with each other through devices usually known as routers, which is used to connect more than sub-networks with each other.  This is true but IP can give more than these tasks. IP can give connectionless data delivery among nodes on an IP network. The main reason for IP is to give a basic algorithm for transferring data to and from a network. It uses two functions in order to obtain these implements which are addressing and fragmentation. also for upper layer protocols IP can provide connectionless delivery. This mean that IP will not set up a session among the transmitting station and the receiving station before submitting the data to the receiving station.  IP will not tell the sender or receiver of the situation of the packet.  It solely tries to transfer the packet and will not make any faults that it is facing in this attempt.

This summary includes only the part about “The Internet Protocol”

This book was written by Naugle, Matthew G.

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Transmission Facilities, broadband

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This book discuss the two aspects of broadband in a physical way technology and commercial service aspects. The transmission of more than one signal over a transmission medium is called Broadband as Louis, P. J. stated.  he also stated that “Technically a telephone conversation over a T-1 is a broadband transmission.” The term broadband is being used to define the transmission of information at speeds that  from 45 Mbps or higher. Also the broadband services has been used to “define high-resolution video and CD-quality audio commercial services”(Louis, P. J.). The subscriber can interconnect to the network and one network to another using transmission facilities or even switching or concentrating transmission within the network. The transmission facilities come in two different kinds can be metallic or glass and also have two different kinds of information formats which can be analog or digital format. Networks are usually created with duplicated transmission facilities among two points. This shows the diversity routing and is practiced to improve the reliability. Moreover The information that it carry can be transmitted in a variety of signaling formats which is the ‘language’ of the network and the components that it has. The transmission facilities can be splitted as out of band or in band

Out of band information is “a situation in which call-control information is physically  carried over one path while the actual call or content information is sent over another path.”(Louis, P. J.) And in-band information “refers to the situation in which call control and call/content information is physically carried over the same path and in serial fashion.”(Louis, P. J.)These transmission facilities are necessary to connect networks. Transmission media can be splitted to three types metallic, Fiber optics, Microwave. Louis stated that “The ‘wireless’ aspect of the wireless industry is related to local device access to the subscriber and not access between networks or even between its own network elements”  Speed is The most important thing of carriers that relate to transmission media. Moreover the more information speed supported by the facility the more money the can make and save. This book provide a very value information when it comes knowing what is customer needs and expectations so you can set them as well as meeting their needs. Also it give a very important acknowledgment about transmission facilities. And to know more about broadband technologies when it comes to finding the right broadband technology.

The writer of the book is Louis, P. J.

This includes parts about Transmission Facilities and broadband

Book link

How the internet work when its controlled by the government?

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This article suggest that governments and corporations have more control on the internet and digital activities want to build a network that can never be blocked.  The article started by mentioning the egyptian government and how the internet in egypt was controlled from up-down, he stated that and included information about the ISP in Egypt, and that five calls blocked the internet in the egypt, these calls was as a well-placed phone calls as Dibbell, Julian stated.

He mentioned what John Gilmore stated that” digital-rights activist John Gilmore once famously said, ‘The Internet interprets censorship as damage and routes around it.’“ But here five calls blocked the internet for 80 million egyptian. How can the this issue be fixed? well yes there is some small and dedicated community of digital activists working on this issue.There are routers that are made by nonprofit community network called FunkFeuer. He stated” The signals that the routers beam and pick up link them, directly or indirectly, to some 200 similar nodes on rooftops all over greater Vienna, each one owned and maintained by the user who installed it and each contributing its bandwidth to a communal, high-speed Internet connection shared almost as far and wide as Kaplan, from the top of the smokestack, can see.”

Know as wireless mesh network is Funkfeuer. And there are no fees charged for connecting to it, what you only need is $150 a setup hardware. The equipment that the user install are maintained by the user. This article is important for two reasons first it can give quite important information about how at some points the government can control the internet, second, how is the internet work in a way that some nonprofit communities made a network that only the user can control it not the government. So to know how the internet work, we should also know how it works in the government side in the meaning of “Freedom” and “dictatorship”. Just like what the example says in the article that five calls shutdown the whole internet in Egypt.

The main article has been written by Dibbell, Julian

article link

ISPs and peerings

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This paper discuss Internet Service Provider and peering stating that peering is “an interconnection business relationship whereby ISPs provide connectivity to each others’ transit customers.” Internet Service provider look for peering for two main reasons the first is that Peering has less cost and more reliance on the purchased internet transit second is that peering lower inter Autonomous System traffic latency this is done “By avoiding a transit provider hop in between ISPs traffic between peering ISPs has lower latency.”(William B.), ISPs connect end users and businesses to the public internet Those will compete with each other on prices and performance and reliability but you should also know that they must cooperate with each other to supply global connectivity to all other things on the internet. If we look at why specifically peering we can find out that the choices that was made by ISP we find out that those choices “are often dominated by telecommunications cost issues” as William B. Norton stated,  he also mentioned   that  Transit Prices for DS-3 were estimated recently as expensive as as 50,000 a month7, so to reduce those transit costs ISPs look for “peering relationships with other ISPs that provide more direct traffic exchange and reduce the load on these expensive transit services.”(William B.). This paper is important because it gives quit important information about ISPs and  why peering.

The main writing was written by William B. Norton in the link below

Link

How are we going to browse in our cars?

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This article talks about connected cars and stating that it has problems  such as browsing FaceBook is illegal when also the touch screen is not drivers best thing simply because they do not like it.  Any one who can fix these design issues and not raising rate of roadway deaths, or without looking for more buyer the new cars.

General Motors  on 2015 will have Chevrolet cars that have on board 4G mobile broadband. And that Google declared that they open Automotive Alliance so they can have their Android system installed into cars.  About all Car makers sound to think that our cars will be our smartphones in the up coming years  the . “Tobii is a 13-year-old Swedish company that makes eye-tracking software.” (Christopher Mims) Sensors that are able to tracks where your eyes is going and based on that the page will move up or down or if you focus on a specific thing it will select it.  Tobii in cars can make the drivers keep their eyes on the road while also using apps .

Shai Leib who created California-based Ask Ziggy. Ziggy can peform tasks like when you want pizza you simply just say to your navigation pizza, and based on what you asked the system will look for restaurants and bring up the nearest pizza restaurants.

Michel Tombroff says that 3D cameras are not like normal cameras and they can know how your hands are moving and where they are moving, which can allow you to command just by swiping in the air 3D cameras are now used in games on the PlayStation 4.

In my perspective this article is giving a very important information about the new up coming technology and how are we in the next coming years will be communicating with our cars or applications, it is very important to know that some people are working on things like the eye tracking software, that can really reduce the rate of accidents by alarming the driver. In fact, in the up coming new technology, the way we communicate with our computers or cars, will be really close to how we communicate with humans, the eye tracking software is such a good example on how can your eyes communicate with your computer and do what you are looking at, like selecting something or scrolling up or down, this is a very huge evolution that will move the technology to the level where we human will be able to communicate with machines through various ways, eyes, voices which we already see in cars or smartphones, or movements such as the 3D cameras that are being used on PlayStation 4.

 

brief summary of Here’s how you’ll browse Facebook in your car without running down pedestrians that has been written by the following authors:

Leo Mirani

Christopher Mims